Posts tagged Singapore
CU develops solar toilet for third world use
Mar 13th
by CU-Boulder ready for India unveiling
A revolutionary University of Colorado Boulder toilet fueled by the sun that is being developed to help some of the 2.5 billion people around the world lacking safe and sustainable sanitation will be unveiled in India this month.
The self-contained, waterless toilet, designed and built using a $777,000 grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, has the capability of heating human waste to a high enough temperature to sterilize human waste and create biochar, a highly porous charcoal, said project principal investigator Karl Linden, professor of environmental engineering. The biochar has a one-two punch in that it can be used to both increase crop yields and sequester carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas.
The project is part of the Gates Foundation’s “Reinvent the Toilet Challenge,” an effort to develop a next-generation toilet that can be used to disinfect liquid and solid waste while generating useful end products, both in developing and developed nations, said Linden. Since the 2012 grant, Linden and his CU-Boulder team have received an additional $1 million from the Gates Foundation for the project, which includes a team of more than a dozen faculty, research professionals and students, many working full time on the effort.
According to the Gates Foundation, the awards recognize researchers who are developing ways to manage human waste that will help improve the health and lives of people around the world. Unsafe methods to capture and treat human waste result in serious health problems and death – food and water tainted with pathogens from fecal matter results in the deaths of roughly 700,000 children each year.
Linden’s team is one of 16 around the world funded by the Gates “Reinvent the Toilet Challenge” since 2011. All have shipped their inventions to Delhi, where they will be on display March 20-22 for scientists, engineers and dignitaries. Other institutional winners of the grants range from Caltech to Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands and the National University of Singapore.
The CU-Boulder invention consists of eight parabolic mirrors that focus concentrated sunlight to a spot no larger than a postage stamp on a quartz-glass rod connected to eight bundles of fiber-optic cables, each consisting of thousands of intertwined, fused fibers, said Linden. The energy generated by the sun and transferred to the fiber-optic cable system — similar in some ways to a data transmission line — can heat up the reaction chamber to over 600 degrees Fahrenheit to treat the waste material, disinfect pathogens in both feces and urine, and produce char.
“Biochar is a valuable material,” said Linden. “It has good water holding capacity and it can be used in agricultural areas to hold in nutrients and bring more stability to the soils.” A soil mixture containing 10 percent biochar can hold up to 50 percent more water and increase the availability of plant nutrients, he said. Additionally, the biochar can be burned as charcoal and provides energy comparable to that of commercial charcoal.
Linden is working closely with project co-investigators Professor R. Scott Summers of environmental engineering and Professor Alan Weimer chemical and biological engineering and a team of postdoctoral fellows, professionals, graduate students, undergraduates and a high school student.
“We are doing something that has never been done before,” said Linden. “While the idea of concentrating solar energy is not new, transmitting it flexibly to a customizable location via fiber-optic cables is the really unique aspect of this project.” The interdisciplinary project requires chemical engineers for heat transfer and solar energy work, environmental engineers for waste treatment and stabilization, mechanical engineers to build actuators and moving parts and electrical engineers to design control systems, Linden said.
Tests have shown that each of the eight fiber-optic cables can produce between 80 and 90 watts of energy, meaning the whole system can deliver up to 700 watts of energy into the reaction chamber, said Linden. In late December, tests at CU-Boulder showed the solar energy directed into the reaction chamber could easily boil water and effectively carbonize solid waste.
While the current toilet has been created to serve four to six people a day, a larger facility that could serve several households simultaneously is under design with the target of meeting a cost level of five cents a day per user set by the Gates Foundation. “We are continuously looking for ways to improve efficiency and lower costs,” he said.
“The great thing about the Gates Foundation is that they provide all of the teams with the resources they need,” Linden said. “The foundation is not looking for one toilet and one solution from one team. They are nurturing unique ideas and looking at what the individual teams bring overall to the knowledge base.”
Linden, who called the 16 teams a “family of researchers,” said the foundation has funded trips for CU-Boulder team members to collaborate with the other institutions in places like Switzerland, South Africa and North Carolina. “Instead of sink or swim funding, they want every team to succeed. In some ways we are like a small startup company, and it’s unlike any other project I have worked on during my career,” he said.
CU-Boulder team member Elizabeth Travis from Parker, Colo., who is working toward a master’s degree in the engineering college’s Mortenson Center in Engineering for Developing Communities, said her interest in water and hygiene made the Reinvent the Toilet project a good fit. “It is a really cool research project and a great team,” she said. “Everyone is very creative, patient and supportive, and there is a lot of innovation. It is exciting to learn from all of the team members.”
“We have a lot of excitement and energy on our team, and the Gates Foundation values that,” Linden said. “It is one thing to do research, another to screw on nuts and bolts and make something that can make a difference. To me, that’s the fun part, and the project is a nice fit for CU-Boulder because we have a high interest in developing countries and expertise in all of the renewable energy technologies as well as sanitation.”
The CU-Boulder team is now applying for phase two of the Gates Foundation Reinvent the Toilet grant to develop a field-worthy system to deploy in a developing country based on their current design, and assess other technologies that may enhance the toilet system, including the use of high-temperature fluids that can collect, retain and deliver heat.
-CU-
Kritza Adds Five Volleyballers To Roster For 2013 Season
Jul 25th
BOULDER —University of Colorado volleyball coach Liz Kritza has announced the addition of five athletes, four freshmen and one transfer, to the roster for the 2013 season.
Freshmen Katherine Hawkins (Blaine, Minn.), Gwen Herring (San Diego, Calif.), Kate Klepetka (Allen, Texas), Cierra Simpson (Colorado Springs, Colo.) and junior Taylor Simpson (Colorado Springs, Colo.) have all joined the CU program and are currently enrolled in summer school.
“I am very excited to add these talented athletes to our roster,” Kritza said. “This group is comprised of a good combination of sizeable players from some of the nation’s most competitive club programs, hardworking ball control players, and some superior athletes that drastically elevate the level in our gym. We are looking forward to starting practice in August and getting everyone in the gym to work towards having our best season yet.”
Bios for each of the five are below in alphabetical order:
KATHERINE HAWKINS
Hawkins, a 5-8 defensive specialist, played for Blaine High School under Celeste Gorman. The team finished the 2012 season with a 31-3 overall record. During that season, Hawkins recorded 203 kills and 324 digs and was named all-conference honorable mention. The Bengals compiled a 27-4 record in 2011 and in 2010, they finished 24-5. She was honored with the Bengal Award all four years for being a team player.
Hawkins played club volleyball for Mizuno Northern Lights and was coached by Adam Beamer. The team won seven tournaments in the spring of 2013, including Colorado Crossroads, Coracchia (Italy) and the AAU Super Regional. The team also posted a third place finish at the 2013 USA Volleyball Junior National Championships in Dallas earlier this month. Hawkins decided to come to Colorado because she loved everything about it.
Hawkins was born on March 3, 1995 in Fridley, Minn. She is the daughter of Patrick and Kristine Hawkins of Blaine, Minn., and has two sisters, Rebecca and Elizabeth. In her free time Hawkins enjoys fishing and boating. She intends to major in integrative physiology.
“Kat is a strong athlete who has challenged herself to play amongst the nation’s top players and finds a way to contribute to her team and to be a driving force for constant improvement in the gym,” Kritza said. “Her time here at CU looks to be just as promising as she acclimates to the college game and the strength of the Pac-12. The energy that this kid brings to the gym is infectious and she will be a quality representative of this program in all facets.”
GWEN HERRING
Herring graduated from La Costa Canyon High School. She was a 5-9 outside hitter, libero and defensive specialist for the Mavericks and was coached by Pat McDougal. As a senior, Herring helped her team to a 28-11 overall record and during her junior year the team recorded a 31-9 record. The Mavericks won the league championship from 2010-2012 as well as the CIF Championship. In 2011, the squad also won the southern California regional championship.
Herring played for the Encinitas Wave Volleyball Club and was coached by Jackie Bernardin. She turned her attention to her beach volleyball game by playing for a beach volleyball club this past year before enrolling at CU. Prior to signing with the Buffs, she was recruited by UC-Davis, Loyola Marymount, Santa Clara, Denver, Pepperdine and Stanford. She chose CU because it was the right fit.
Herring was born on May 10, 1995 in San Diego, Calif. She is the daughter of Robert and Janette Herring of Carlsbad, Calif. Herring has one older sister, Amelia, who plays tennis at Stanford. She enjoys going to the beach, playing sports, drawing and hanging out with friends. Herring intends to major in business but is also interested in marketing.
“Gwen is a fiery competitor who is determined to improve and challenge herself every day,” said Kritza. “She brings strong playing experience against some of the top prep and club players in southern California and looks to make a difference on any team she is a part of. We are excited to see what she can do here at Colorado and her beach experience will be a huge plus for her in terms of the possibility of sand volleyball here at CU.”
KATE KLEPETKA
Klepetka, a 5-8 libero and defensive specialist, earned two letters as a libero for the Allen High School Eagles under coach Kelly Gregorview. As a senior, she recorded 687 digs, 100 assists and 40 kills. Klepetka was named all-district first team as well as all-academic first team and was named the defensive player of the year in 2012 and 2011. As a junior, Klepetka was also named second team all-district.
She played for the Dallas Premier Volleyball Club for coach Bryan Stanfield. Her team placed 11th in the American division at nationals after a fifth-place finish in 2011. Klepetka was also recruited by Mississippi, Miami and Albany but decided on CU because of the great coaching and awesome people.
Klepetka was born on July 20, 1995 in Dallas. She is the daughter of Bob and Jodie Klepetka of Allen, Texas and has one younger sister, Grace. Klepetka intends to major in integrative physiology.
“Kate brings a good deal of playing experience from both her club and prep careers,” Kritza said. “She will provide some excellent depth in all of our ball control positions and will help to make the competition for those positions more challenging. Kate’s prowess extends beyond her accomplishments on the court and we look for her to continue to find success in the classroom as well.”
CIERRA SIMPSON
Cierra Simpson, a 6-0 defensive specialist and outside hitter, was a member of the Doherty High School team that won the 2012 5A Colorado State High School Championship after winning the Colorado Spring Metro League Championship to complete its 29-0 perfect season. During the season, Simpson recorded 182 kills, 208 digs, 40 blocks and 39 aces in 86 sets and was named to the Under Armour High School All-America Watch List. DHS recorded a pair of third-place finishes at the 2009 and 2010 state championships. Simpson was named the DHS Most Valuable Player as a junior, helping to guide the Spartans to a share of the Colorado Springs Metro League Championship.
Over the course of four years with the Spartans, Simpson was a two-time first team all-area 4A/5A Colorado Springs team member, a three-time first team all-conference member and was named to the second team once. Simpson was an academic all-state first team selection and DHS honor roll member her freshman through senior years. She was also a member of the National Honor Society and earned the CU James H. Baker Scholarship.
Simpson played club volleyball for Colorado Juniors under the direction of Kevin Marquis. The team placed second at the Puerto Rico National Championship in 2013 and won the same tournament in 2012. Simpson was named to the all-tournament team after helping her team to the victory. She was also recruited by UT-San Antonio, Kansas State, Northern Colorado, Georgia Southern and DePaul but came to CU because she loved the coaching staff, campus, location and the fact that the Buffs play in one of the top conferences in the country.
Simpson was born on May 16, 1995 in Spokane, Wash. She is the daughter of Rich and Serena Simpson. Rick played basketball at Louisiana Tech and Serena played basketball at UMKC. Simpson won the 2012 Colorado 5A State Volleyball Championship at DHS with her younger sister Gabby. Simpson also has an older sister, Taylor, who is a member of the CU volleyball team and another younger sister, Riley. Simpson enjoys playing sports, running, reading, writing and traveling and intends to major in broadcast journalism and is also interested in law.
“Cierra is a welcomed addition as one of the top players in Colorado in this recruiting class,” Kritza said. “Her addition helps to make Colorado volleyball truly a family affair and we know she will be an excellent representative of CU on the court, in the classroom, and in the community. I have watched CeCe for quite some time while recruiting in state and know that she is a gifted athlete who has many possibilities in this program because of that athleticism. We look forward to her very bright future in a Buffs’ jersey.”
TAYLOR SIMPSON
Taylor Simpson joined the Buffs in January and shortly after she tried out and made the USA Volleyball A2 National Team which competed during the summer in Dallas. She also earned a spot on the roster for the USA Beach Volleyball A2 National Team that trained and competed this month in southern California.
Prior to joining the Buffs, Simpson played a season at Missouri (2012) and a season with Nebraska (2011). Simpson played in 14 matches for the Tigers, starting in eight of those contests (47 sets). During the 2012 season, she recorded 118 kills and hit .267. She also added 50 digs and 30 blocks for 139.0 points. Simpson recorded 12 kills and 13 digs against Virginia Tech (8/26/12) and led the Tigers with 11 kills against Appalachian State (9/1/12). Mizzou finished the year 19-11.
Simpson played in 12 matches (34 sets) before she was sidelined with a season-ending injury in 2011 with the Huskers. She recorded four kills on six attacks for a hitting percentage of .500 against Weber State (9/10/11). Simpson also posted three blocks against New Mexico State (8/26/11) and Albany (9/3/11). The Huskers won the Big Ten Championship that year and went on to play in the NCAA Tournament. NU finished the season with a 25-5 overall record.
Simpson had a decorated career at Doherty High School. As a senior, she garnered numerous awards, which included being named the Colorado 5A Player of the Year and earning the Sportswomen of Colorado high school volleyball award. Simpson was named the No. 9 player in the country by Prepvolleyball.com and was named to Volleyball Magazine’s Fab-50. Simpson played in the Under Armour All-American game for the red team and was also named to the AVCA High School All-American first team, as well as an ESPN RISE All-American honorable mention selection. Simpson was also tabbed as a Preseason All-American by MaxPreps. She also recorded 471 kills, 60 blocks, 312 digs and 21 aces as a senior.
During Simpson’s senior and junior years, she was named to the All-Colorado Team, PrepVolleyball.com’s High School All-American Team, First Team All-Colorado 5A and helped her team finish third at the state championships both seasons.
As a junior, Simpson was named to the MaxPreps All-American Team and PrepVolleyball’s Top-50 Juniors list. She was also honored as the Colorado 5A Player of the Year. That season she notched 446 kills, 46 blocks, 30 aces and 289 digs.
During her three seasons at DHS, Simpson was named first team All-Colorado Springs Metro League and first team All-4A/5A Area. As a sophomore, she helped DHS to a fifth-place finish at the state championship and was named to the All-Colorado 5A second team.
Simpson was also involved with USA Volleyball in high school. She earned a spot on the 2010 U.S. Youth Olympic Team that finished second in Singapore at the Inaugural Youth Olympics. Simpson led the team at the tournament and recorded 11 kills, six blocks and an ace in the final match of the tournament. She was also a member of the USA Youth National Training Team.
Simpson was born on September 10, 1993 in Colorado Springs, Colo. She is the daughter of Rich and Serena Simpson. Rick played basketball at Louisiana Tech and Serena played basketball at UMKC. Her sisters, Cierra and Gabby, won the 2012 Colorado 5A State Volleyball Championship at DHS. She also has another younger sister, Riley. Simpson enjoys writing, readying, traveling and playing sports. Simpson is undecided on a major.
“Taylor’s addition to our program is significant,” Kritza said. “She is a highly decorated player and has a myriad of playing experiences at the top levels of prep, club and even international volleyball; but it is her desire to be excellent that is really unique. She is a fantastic athlete who has lofty goals, as well as the combination of skill, athleticism and determination to realize those goals. She has found a home here and will thrive in a Colorado jersey while she leads the charge against the top players in the nation in the Pac-12.”
The 2013 season is just around the corner as the Buffs report for fall camp on August 11 and will have their first practice on August 12.