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Free, expanded bus services to provide safe transportation New Year’s Eve
Dec 28th
· free HOP bus service from 7 a.m. on Monday, Dec. 31, 2012, until midnight on Tuesday, Jan.1, 2013;
· free Buff Bus, Black, Gold and Silver Line Late Night Transit bus service from midnight until 3 a.m. on Tuesday, Jan.1, 2013; and
· free RTD bus services, including the SKIP, JUMP, BOUND, DASH, BOLT and SkyRide routes, from 7 p.m. on Monday, Dec. 31, 2012, until 6 a.m. on Tuesday, Jan. 1, 2013.
In addition to the free bus services that are being offered, the University of Colorado Buff Bus and Late Night Transit services will expand coverage to larger areas of the city. The Buff Bus will provide service on Broadway south to Greenbriar Boulevard, on Baseline Road east to 30th Street, and on 30th Street north to Arapahoe Avenue. The Silver Line will extend service on Broadway north to Iris Avenue. The Black Line will extend service on Moorhead Avenue south to Table Mesa Drive. The Gold Line will extend service from areas east of downtown to 30th Street between Arapahoe and Iris avenues. These expanded bus services will allow passengers to safely access most areas of Boulder while celebrating the New Year. Passengers do not have to be University of Colorado students to ride and may ask any bus driver for information if they are unsure about which bus route to take.
The HOP bus and all RTD bus services will operate on the regular weekday schedule on New Year’s Eve and on a holiday schedule on New Year’s Day. The normal weekday services will return on Wednesday, Jan. 2, 2013.
For more information about the free HOP and Late Night Transit bus services, call Via at 303-447-8282 or visit www.viacolorado.org. For bus route maps, fares, schedules and other information, visit www.rtd-denver.com and www.goboulder.net.
For real-time arrival and departure information for the HOP bus, visit www.nextbus.com.
CU Boulder research team finds massive crevasses and bendable ice affect stability of Antarctic ice shelf
Dec 7th
Gaping crevasses that penetrate upward from the bottom of the largest remaining ice shelf on the Antarctic Peninsula make it more susceptible to collapse, according to University of Colorado Boulder researchers who spent the last four Southern Hemisphere summers studying the massive floating sheet of ice that covers an area twice the size of Massachusetts.
But the scientists also found that ribbons running through the Larsen C Ice Shelf – made up of a mixture of ice types that, together, are more prone to bending than breaking – make the shelf more resilient than it otherwise would be.
The research team from CU-Boulder’s Cooperative Institute for Research in the Environmental Sciences presented the findings Dec. 6 at the American Geophysical Union’s annual meeting in San Francisco.
The Larsen C Ice Shelf is all that’s left of a series of ice shelves that once clung to the eastern edge of the Antarctic Peninsula and stretched into the Weddell Sea. When the other shelves disintegrated abruptly – including Larsen A in January 1995 and Larsen B in February 2002 – scientists were surprised by the speed of the breakup.
Researchers now believe that the catastrophic collapses of Larsen A and B were caused, at least in part, by rising temperatures in the region, where warming is increasing at six times the global average. The Antarctic Peninsula warmed 4.5 degrees Fahrenheit since the middle of the last century.
The warmer climate increased meltwater production, allowing more liquid to pool on top of the ice shelves. The water then drained into surface crevasses, wedging them open and cracking the shelf into individual icebergs, which resulted in rapid disintegration.
But while the meltwater may have been responsible for dealing the final blow to the shelves, researchers did not have the opportunity to study how the structure of the Larsen A and B shelves may have made them more vulnerable to drastic breakups – or protected the shelves from an even earlier demise.
CU-Boulder researchers did not want to miss the same opportunity on the Larsen C shelf, which covers more than 22,000 square miles of sea.
“It’s the perfect natural laboratory,” said Daniel McGrath, a doctoral student in the Department of Geography and part of the CIRES research team. “We wanted to study this shelf while it’s still stable in order to get a better understanding of the processes that affect ice shelf stability.”
McGrath worked with CIRES colleagues over the last four years to study the Larsen C shelf in order to better understand how the warming climate may have interacted with the shelf’s existing structure to increase its vulnerability to a catastrophic collapse.
McGrath presented two of the group’s key findings at the AGU meeting. The first was the role that long-existing crevasses that start at the base of the shelf and propagate upward – known as basal crevasses – play in making the shelf more vulnerable to disintegration. The second relates to the way a type of ice found in areas called suture zones may be protecting the shelf against a breakup.
The scientists used ground penetrating radar to map out the basal crevasses, which turn out to be massive. The yawning cracks can run for several miles in length and can penetrate upwards for more than 750 feet. While the basal crevasses have been a part of Larsen C for hundreds of years, the interaction between these features and a warming climate will likely make the shelf more susceptible to future disintegration. “They likely play a really important role in ice-shelf disintegration, both past and future,” McGrath said.
The research team also studied the impact of suture zones in the ice shelf. Larsen C is fed by 12 distinct glaciers, which dump a steady flow of thick ice into the shelf. But the promontories of land between the glacial outlets, where ice does not flow into the shelf, allow for the creation of ribbon-like suture zones, which knit the glacial inflows together and which turn out to be important to the ice shelf’s resilience. “The ice in these zones really holds the neighboring inflows together,” McGrath said.
The suture zones get their malleable characteristic from a combination of ice types. A key component of the suture zone mixture is formed when the bottoms of the 12 glacial inflows begin to melt. The resulting freshwater is more buoyant than the surrounding seawater, so it rises upward to the relatively thinner ice zones between the glacial inflows, where it refreezes on the underside of the shelf and contributes to the chaotic ice structure that makes suture zones more flexible than the surrounding ice.
It turns out that the resilient characteristics of the suture zones keep cracks, including the basal crevasses, from spreading across the ice shelf, even where the suture zone ice makes up a comparatively small amount of the total thickness of the shelf. The CIRES team found that at the shelf front, where the ice meets the open sea, suture zone ice constitutes only 20 percent of the total thickness of the shelf but was still able to limit the spread of rifts through the ice. “It’s a pretty small part of the total ice thickness, and yet, it still has this really important role of holding the ice shelf together,” McGrath said.
Other CU researchers involved in the Larsen C project were Konrad Steffen, former director of CIRES; Ted Scambos, of CIRES and CU-Boulder’s National Snow and Ice Data Center; Harihar Rajaram, of the Department of Civil Engineering; and Waleed Abdalati, of CIRES.
Boulder to surprise shoppers with FREE parking this holiday season
Nov 20th
Holiday parking promotions
- FREE 3 hour parking coupons (Friday, Nov. 23 – Saturday, Dec. 22)
Parking enforcement officers will surprise random shoppers each day by handing out free parking coupons; the coupons will be good for three hours of free parking at any downtown parking pay station. Parking enforcement officers will be on the lookout for customers en route to pay stations (that have yet to pay), and give them a coupon. Customers will place the coupon on their dash, just like a pay station receipt. The coupon is only valid for the day it is received.
- 30,000 one hour free parking coupons (Friday, Nov. 23 – Thursday, Jan. 31, 2013)
The city will be providing downtown merchants with 30,000 one hour free parking coupons. These coupons will be honored at the St Julien and the 15th/Pearl garages only. Inquire at your favorite downtown merchant! - One hour free parking coupons in local ads and mailers
One hour free parking coupons will also be available in Downtown Boulder holiday ads (running through the holiday season in local publications), and in 12,000 mailers sent out by Downtown Boulder, Inc.