Posts tagged health
CU develops solar toilet for third world use
Mar 13th
by CU-Boulder ready for India unveiling
A revolutionary University of Colorado Boulder toilet fueled by the sun that is being developed to help some of the 2.5 billion people around the world lacking safe and sustainable sanitation will be unveiled in India this month.
The self-contained, waterless toilet, designed and built using a $777,000 grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, has the capability of heating human waste to a high enough temperature to sterilize human waste and create biochar, a highly porous charcoal, said project principal investigator Karl Linden, professor of environmental engineering. The biochar has a one-two punch in that it can be used to both increase crop yields and sequester carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas.
The project is part of the Gates Foundation’s “Reinvent the Toilet Challenge,” an effort to develop a next-generation toilet that can be used to disinfect liquid and solid waste while generating useful end products, both in developing and developed nations, said Linden. Since the 2012 grant, Linden and his CU-Boulder team have received an additional $1 million from the Gates Foundation for the project, which includes a team of more than a dozen faculty, research professionals and students, many working full time on the effort.
According to the Gates Foundation, the awards recognize researchers who are developing ways to manage human waste that will help improve the health and lives of people around the world. Unsafe methods to capture and treat human waste result in serious health problems and death – food and water tainted with pathogens from fecal matter results in the deaths of roughly 700,000 children each year.
Linden’s team is one of 16 around the world funded by the Gates “Reinvent the Toilet Challenge” since 2011. All have shipped their inventions to Delhi, where they will be on display March 20-22 for scientists, engineers and dignitaries. Other institutional winners of the grants range from Caltech to Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands and the National University of Singapore.
The CU-Boulder invention consists of eight parabolic mirrors that focus concentrated sunlight to a spot no larger than a postage stamp on a quartz-glass rod connected to eight bundles of fiber-optic cables, each consisting of thousands of intertwined, fused fibers, said Linden. The energy generated by the sun and transferred to the fiber-optic cable system — similar in some ways to a data transmission line — can heat up the reaction chamber to over 600 degrees Fahrenheit to treat the waste material, disinfect pathogens in both feces and urine, and produce char.
“Biochar is a valuable material,” said Linden. “It has good water holding capacity and it can be used in agricultural areas to hold in nutrients and bring more stability to the soils.” A soil mixture containing 10 percent biochar can hold up to 50 percent more water and increase the availability of plant nutrients, he said. Additionally, the biochar can be burned as charcoal and provides energy comparable to that of commercial charcoal.
Linden is working closely with project co-investigators Professor R. Scott Summers of environmental engineering and Professor Alan Weimer chemical and biological engineering and a team of postdoctoral fellows, professionals, graduate students, undergraduates and a high school student.
“We are doing something that has never been done before,” said Linden. “While the idea of concentrating solar energy is not new, transmitting it flexibly to a customizable location via fiber-optic cables is the really unique aspect of this project.” The interdisciplinary project requires chemical engineers for heat transfer and solar energy work, environmental engineers for waste treatment and stabilization, mechanical engineers to build actuators and moving parts and electrical engineers to design control systems, Linden said.
Tests have shown that each of the eight fiber-optic cables can produce between 80 and 90 watts of energy, meaning the whole system can deliver up to 700 watts of energy into the reaction chamber, said Linden. In late December, tests at CU-Boulder showed the solar energy directed into the reaction chamber could easily boil water and effectively carbonize solid waste.
While the current toilet has been created to serve four to six people a day, a larger facility that could serve several households simultaneously is under design with the target of meeting a cost level of five cents a day per user set by the Gates Foundation. “We are continuously looking for ways to improve efficiency and lower costs,” he said.
“The great thing about the Gates Foundation is that they provide all of the teams with the resources they need,” Linden said. “The foundation is not looking for one toilet and one solution from one team. They are nurturing unique ideas and looking at what the individual teams bring overall to the knowledge base.”
Linden, who called the 16 teams a “family of researchers,” said the foundation has funded trips for CU-Boulder team members to collaborate with the other institutions in places like Switzerland, South Africa and North Carolina. “Instead of sink or swim funding, they want every team to succeed. In some ways we are like a small startup company, and it’s unlike any other project I have worked on during my career,” he said.
CU-Boulder team member Elizabeth Travis from Parker, Colo., who is working toward a master’s degree in the engineering college’s Mortenson Center in Engineering for Developing Communities, said her interest in water and hygiene made the Reinvent the Toilet project a good fit. “It is a really cool research project and a great team,” she said. “Everyone is very creative, patient and supportive, and there is a lot of innovation. It is exciting to learn from all of the team members.”
“We have a lot of excitement and energy on our team, and the Gates Foundation values that,” Linden said. “It is one thing to do research, another to screw on nuts and bolts and make something that can make a difference. To me, that’s the fun part, and the project is a nice fit for CU-Boulder because we have a high interest in developing countries and expertise in all of the renewable energy technologies as well as sanitation.”
The CU-Boulder team is now applying for phase two of the Gates Foundation Reinvent the Toilet grant to develop a field-worthy system to deploy in a developing country based on their current design, and assess other technologies that may enhance the toilet system, including the use of high-temperature fluids that can collect, retain and deliver heat.
-CU-
Tran Pacific Partnership like NAFTA on Steroids
Feb 20th
Tell Rep. Polis to Stop the TPP! At Rep. Jared Polis’ office, 4770 Baseline Rd., #220, Boulder 11:00 AM
What’s not to like under free trade? How about a staggering $181 billion U.S. trade deficit with NAFTA partners Mexico and Canada and the related loss of 1 million net U.S. jobs under NAFTA, growing income inequality, displacement of more than one million Mexican campesino farmers and a doubling of desperate immigration from Mexico, and more than $360 million paid to corporations after “investor-state” tribunal attacks on, and rollbacks of, domestic public interest policies.
Now the Obama administration–so concerned with “good jobs” for Americans, wants trade deals with East and Southeast Asian countries, where wages are as little as $ .25/hr. And he wants it fast. A broad coalition
of Congress isn’t supporting the TPP, but good ol’ liberal Rep. Jared Polis, D-CO isn’t one of them.
We need to pressure Representative Jared Polis to commit publicly himself to vote no on a TPP fast track. He has not made public statements vowing to vote no on the fast track and we consider his vote critical, especially since the Republicans are targeting newer representatives to urge them to approve it. We have a couple great weapons in our arsenal – signatures on a SignOn petition asking him to reject the fast track and our physical presence in his office while he is are home- so let’s use them to convince him that we are watching and waiting for him to show support for their constituents, not the corporations. MoveOn, as part of a coalition of progressives from Occupy Denver, Food and Water Watch, the Sierra Club, and Communications Workers of America will go to his Boulder office to deliver petitions and a letter this Thursday, Feb. 20. We will show him that we want him to represent us by taking a stand against the multinational corporations and the destructive TPP.
We urge everyone who can to join us for a show of strength and determination to stop the TPP fast track. This is a very critical issue that would negatively affect our economy, environment, workers’ rights, prescription drug availability, internet freedom, and much more. If you need more information, go to www.flushthetpp.org or www.stopthetpp.org. Then join us and exercise your right to representation, then to celebrate with us when we stop this intended corporate coup. Sign up here and get more details. Message from host:
For participants: : We will meet at Jared Polis’s office 4770 Baseline Rd., #220, Boulder 80303 at 11:00 a.m. We will bring talking points and a letter. All you need to do is join us. Later in the day, some of us will go to Rep. Ed Perlmutter’s office at 12600 W. Colfax Ave., Suite B-400, Lakewood, CO 80215 to deliver petition signatures and a thank you letter. You are invited to join us. He was leaning toward voting for the fast track until we made a lot of phone calls telling him that we the people do not approve of this and would never re elect him. He has now publicly stated that he will vote no on the fast track.
RSVP at http://pol.moveon.org/event/events/event.html?event_id=140717&id=91301-5272516-M2tTGsx&t=3
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Thursday, February 20th, 2014
Powering The U.S. With Wind, Water, and Solar Power For All Purposes
Mark Z. Jacobson
Director of the Atmosphere Energy Program, Stanford University
11:00 a.m. – 12:00 p.m.
Bechtel Collaboratory
Discovery Learning Center
Engineering Dr, CU, Boulder
Global warming, air pollution, and energy insecurity are three of the most significant problems facing the world today. This talk discusses the development of technical and economic plans to convert the energy infrastructure of each of the 50 United States to those powered by 100% wind, water, and sunlight (WWS) for all purposes, including electricity, transportation, industry, and heating/cooling, after energy efficiency measures are accounted for.
The plans call for ~80% conversion by 2030 and 100% by 2050 through aggressive policy measures and natural transition. Wind and solar resources, footprint and spacing areas required, jobs created, costs, air pollution mortality and climate cost reductions, methods of ensuring reliability of the grid, and impacts of offshore wind farms on hurricane dissipation are discussed.
More information can be found here: www.stanford.edu/group/efmh/jacobson/Articles/I/susenergy2030.html
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Colorado Community Rights Network Presents:
COCRN.org ~ Facebook.com/COCommunityRights ~ Twitter.com/COCommRights Flier attached, feel free to print and distribute
1. Democracy School with Thomas LInzey
Friday, March 7, 6:30 – 9:30 pm Saturday, March 8, 9 am – 5 pm
First Unitarian Society of Denver, 1400 Lafayette St., Denver, CO 80218
Seating Limited ~ $125 if payment postmarked by February 26; $150 thereafter based on availability
Mail payment:
17087 E. 106th Ave., Commerce City, CO 80022 Make check out to Colorado Community Rights Network Limited scholarships available, contact COCommRights@gmail.com
2. Statewide Activist Strategy Session
Sunday, March 9, 9 am – 3 pm
RSVP to COCommRights@gmail.com ~ Location TBA
This or previous Democracy School (full, not mini) a prerequisite for attendance
Communities throughout Colorado and across the country are finding that, in the face of corporate exploitation, they don’t have full authority to protect public health, safety and welfare, economic and environmental sustainability, property value, and overall quality of life.
Corporations have court-conferred constitutional rights which they wield against communities to subjugate local rights that interfere with corporate expansion. Furthermore, corporate rights are defended by the state and federal government through the doctrine of preemption.
Citizens of five Front Range cities voted recently to ban or place a moratorium on fracking in their communities. The Colorado Oil and Gas Association, with the state’s support, is suing to overturn these elections. Local rights have been suppressed by other industries in towns and counties throughout the state.
The immortal words of the Declaration of Independence are regarded as a moral standard upon which our freedom was founded and to which we continue to strive: people are endowed with certain unalienable rights, “Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness” among them; government derives its power from the consent of the governed; and when any government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or abolish it.
Today, our structure of law elevates corporate rights over the unalienable rights of citizens and usurps the consent of the governed.
To reclaim our rights, we must challenge corporate supremacy & change our structure of law that upholds it. Democracy School teaches you how.
Thomas Linzey, Executive Director and Chief Counsel for the Community Environmental Legal Defense Fund, has over 15 years experience helping communities protect their health and quality of life in the face of corporate exploitation.
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